Lebanon faces dangerous demining challenges amid aid cuts

Lebanon is currently facing a critical situation as it deals with the ramifications of the recent Israel-Hezbollah conflict, which occurred between September and November 2024. The war resulted in extensive destruction, especially in southern Lebanon, leaving over 1.2 million people displaced according to an October 2024 report by the UNHCR. Following the cease-fire, which was implemented on November 27, 2024, there remains an ongoing threat from unexploded ordnance. The latest reports indicate active demining operations, with over 200,000 explosive items discovered shortly after the cease-fire commenced, including large bombs and various explosive devices utilized in the conflict. This situation presents significant dangers for returning residents, particularly children, who may inadvertently encounter these hazardous remnants. The Lebanon Mine Action Center (LMAC), in cooperation with organizations like Norwegian People’s Aid, has been tasked with clearing the contaminated areas to ensure safety for those returning to their homes. Despite these efforts, recent cuts to foreign assistance, especially from the United States, have exacerbated the challenges facing demining operations. Following the suspension of aid under the Trump administration, which has considerable implications for ongoing humanitarian programs, including demining, the future of these initiatives remains uncertain. Analysts warn that the aid cuts may impede not only the physical safety of communities but also the diplomatic leverage the U.S. has in the region. In Southern Lebanon, the Israeli army agreed to withdraw during the cease-fire, but its continued airstrikes posed further risks. According to the Landmine and Cluster Munition Monitor, a dangerous landscape remains, with vast areas of land still contaminated by explosives. Hamzeh, a member of the Norwegian People's Aid team, shared insights into their fieldwork, noting that teams cannot safely operate near areas occupied by Israeli forces. This lack of clarity and lingering tensions contribute to a sense of panic among humanitarian workers, as many are left without direction due to the suspended programs. With foreign assistance being crucial for maintaining demining operations, Lebanon may be forced to seek other donors to support vital clearance efforts. The aftermath of the long conflict, combined with the lack of clear government support, paints a troubling picture of a nation struggling to rebuild and ensure the safety of its citizens. According to analysts like Joe Macaron, there is an urgent need to address these funding gaps in order to secure a safer environment for communities returning to their homes. The demining operations will be critical in facilitating a safer return for the displaced populations across Lebanon, particularly in those regions most affected by the recent conflict.