Morocco is a constitutional monarchy in which the king holds most political power, including the authority to appoint the head of government from the party that wins the most seats in parliamentary elections. This system has shaped the country's politics for decades, with the monarchy acting as a stabilizing force above the fray of party competition. The Authenticity and Modernity Party (PAM), founded in 2008 as a counterweight to the Islamist movement, has grown into a major political force. Its rise reflects a broader struggle between secular, pro-monarchy parties and Islamist groups like the Justice and Development Party (PJD), which led the previous government.

Women have gradually gained more political visibility in Morocco, but the highest executive office had remained out of reach until now. The appointment of Fatima Zahra El Mansouri as prime minister follows a global trend of women breaking into top leadership roles, though it remains rare in the Arab world. In 2021, Tunisia's Najla Bouden became the first woman to lead a government in the region, setting a precedent that Morocco now follows. This historic step is part of a longer arc of women's participation in Moroccan politics, from local governance to ministerial positions.