EU Council takes decisive steps to combat online extremism and terrorist threats

On December 16, 2024, the UK's internet regulator, Ofcom, finalized the first set of guidelines that online service providers must follow under the newly enacted Online Safety Act. This pivotal legislation mandates that service providers assess risks related to illegal harm and take preventive measures by March 17, 2025. The Online Safety Act is designed to address a range of issues, such as terrorism, hate speech, child sexual abuse and exploitation, and various financial offenses. Ofcom's decision affects over 100,000 tech firms both within the UK and internationally, expanding its regulatory reach significantly. In its press release, Ofcom emphasized the importance of these guidelines, stating that the rules create a legal obligation for providers to demonstrate their commitment to user safety. The guidelines require service providers to implement risk assessments and adhere to compulsory safety measures designed to limit exposure to illegal content. Ofcom also signaled its readiness to take enforcement actions against non-compliant companies, reiterating that failure to comply could result in steep fines, which could reach as much as 10% of a company's global annual turnover. Additionally, the UK government is preparing further measures aimed at child protection, with new rules on age verification to be released in January 2025. This initiative reflects widespread concerns regarding children's online safety, particularly concerning harmful content related to pornography, suicide, and self-harm. Ofcom CEO Melanie Dawes noted that significant changes in social media dynamics are anticipated as compliance takes effect, indicating that platforms will need to adapt to stricter safety measures over the coming months. On another front, the European Council has been working collaboratively to advance counterterrorism strategies across the EU, meeting on the same day as Ofcom's announcement. The Council adopted strategic conclusions to bolster information exchange and strengthen counterterrorism operations, which are increasingly pertinent amid rising radicalization and social polarization across member states. These developments signify a heightened dual focus in European and UK legislation on preventing illegal activities and protecting vulnerable populations within the digital landscape.