Caribbean's costly battle against fossil fuel dependency sparks outrage

Cuba is currently facing a significant fuel shortage, compounded by an energy crisis that has seen millions left without power during nationwide blackouts. This situation has escalated over the past few months, notably following three nationwide blackouts within a two-month span. As a direct consequence of these blackouts, the government was compelled to close schools and restrict non-essential industries temporarily. The recent fuel shortages have rendered many gas stations across the island inoperative, leading to severe queues of motorists desperately waiting for fuel. Reports indicate that some individuals have been sleeping in their cars overnight to maintain their position in the fuel line, illustrating the crisis's urgency. The Cuban government has not provided a thorough explanation for the current fuel shortfall, but it aligns with broader trends of diminished fuel supply. A government application that tracks gas station deliveries confirmed that fuel has been meager in Havana and other areas since earlier in the week. In recent times, officials have attributed shortages to the longstanding U.S. trade embargo, which complicates Cuba's financial transactions and hinders its ability to purchase fuel on the spot market. Additionally, Cuba's long-time petrol suppliers, particularly Venezuela, have significantly reduced their fuel exports to the island this year, with a noted 44% decrease in crude and fuel shipments from January through November compared to previous years. Mexico has emerged as a more regular supplier, partially making up for the loss of Venezuelan fuel, though it also primarily exports crude oil rather than refined products. The situation is further aggravated by Cuba's antiquated refineries, which necessitate the processing of imported crude oils to create usable gasoline and diesel. This year, the Cuban government moved to sell fuel in dollars at non-subsidized market prices, mirroring the charges faced by regional neighbors. This step was deemed necessary to generate adequate foreign currency to ensure a steady fuel supply, but it has led to increased costs for consumers and fewer options for those dependent on cheaper local pricing. Despite the implementation of higher prices at “dollar gas stations,” these locations have also been struggling, with reports of unbearable wait times even for those willing to pay more for fuel. Motorists in various neighborhoods, including the Havana suburb of Miramar, have expressed their frustrations regarding the long lines and the prolonged wait times which can stretch for miles. The overarching lack of fuel and energy resources highlights the deepening crisis Cuba is experiencing, with past patterns indicating that dependency on fossil fuels poses significant risks for the country’s energy security moving forward. Coupled with the declining assistance from international allies, this reality underlines the urgent need for Cuba to explore alternative energy solutions and improve its sustainability in the energy sector.