India faces record temperatures as summer arrives early

India is facing an unusually early and severe heatwave, with temperatures soaring above normal levels across northern states. As of April 9, 2025, the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) has reported temperatures reaching 41C in Delhi and an alarming 46.4C in Barmer, Rajasthan, marking some of the highest recorded for this time of year. Typically, northern India experiences heatwaves from late April to June, but climate change has led to earlier occurrences and heightened intensity of heatwaves each year. Authorities have issued a yellow alert for several areas, indicating that while the heat is manageable for most, it poses serious health risks for vulnerable populations such as infants, the elderly, and individuals with chronic health conditions. Recommendations to handle the extreme conditions include avoiding exposure to heat, dressing in lightweight cotton clothing, and using umbrellas or cloths to shield oneself from the sun. This early surge in temperatures has raised concerns not only for public health but also for agriculture, particularly the wheat crop, which is at risk for the third consecutive year due to extreme heat. Mahesh Palawat, vice president of meteorology and climate change at Skymet, expressed that the situation is exacerbated by slower wind speeds and clearer skies, which trap heat and lead to increased temperatures. The IMD has warned of prolonged heatwave conditions affecting not only northern India but also eastern, central, and western states. Farmers and agricultural experts are particularly worried as the intensive heat could impact the wheat yields significantly this season, further driven by the expectation of an upcoming intense summer with above-normal temperatures. In previous years, heatwaves have led to significant health crises, including numerous instances of heatstroke reported during the summer months. The records show that last year, India experienced its hottest day at 50.5C in Rajasthan, illustrating the alarming trend of rising temperatures in the region. Last year's statistics indicated severe implications on health, with nearly 150 fatalities recorded due to heat-related incidents, whereas independent analyses suggested the actual numbers were higher. As the situation develops, the IMD and health officials urge the public to remain vigilant and adopt preventive measures against the scorching heat that has now blanketed much of India.