ancient scandinavians used animal skin boats for hunting and trade

A recent study suggests that ancient Scandinavians, particularly those from the Pitted Ware Culture (PWC), utilized animal skin boats for hunting and trading approximately 5,000 years ago. This culture, which thrived between 3500 BC and 2300 BC in regions now known as Sweden, Denmark, and Finland, was distinguished by its focus on marine activities, including seal hunting and fishing, during a time when agriculture was becoming prevalent in Europe. Archaeological evidence of their seafaring capabilities is scarce, yet researchers believe that the PWC engaged in long-distance voyages across the Baltic Sea and surrounding straits. While some evidence points to the use of hollowed-out tree log canoes, these vessels were inadequate for open sea travel. Instead, scientists theorize that the PWC likely constructed more advanced boats made from animal hides stretched over wooden frames, which would have been better suited for navigating the open waters. The study highlights the importance of indirect evidence, such as bone frames and rock art, in supporting the hypothesis of skin boat usage. Artifacts like reindeer antler frames and seal bones found in archaeological sites indicate that seals were not only a food source but also provided materials for clothing, tents, and potentially boats. The presence of scrappers and seal oil at these sites further suggests that these resources were crucial for the construction and waterproofing of skin boats. Ultimately, the findings underscore the significance of marine activities in the PWC's daily life and their ability to undertake extensive maritime journeys, marking them as one of the earliest seafaring societies in Scandinavia.