Indonesia and US enhance military ties amid rising China concerns

Indonesia hosted the annual joint military exercises with the United States starting on August 25, 2025, alongside forces from a dozen other countries. Known as Super Garuda Shield, this year’s exercises were designed to address growing regional challenges and to promote unity among allies wary of China's rising influence. The event was inaugurated with speeches by Indonesian General Tandyo Budi Revita and U.S. Admiral Samuel Paparo, emphasizing the importance of cooperation in responding to potential threats. The participant list has expanded following 2022 to include various nations such as Australia, Japan, and the United Kingdom, culminating in approximately 6,500 troops. The drills aim to enhance military capabilities and interoperability among participants while maintaining focus on shared principles of sovereignty and mutual respect. As tensions in the Indo-Pacific escalate, these exercises reflect a strategic commitment against perceived increases in Chinese military assertiveness, particularly regarding territorial disputes in the South China Sea. While Indonesia has raised concerns regarding China's encroachment on its exclusive economic zone, it continues to foster positive diplomatic and economic relations with Beijing. This dual-track approach has been reiterated by experts, suggesting that Indonesia is diversifying its defense strategies rather than committing exclusively to a single alignment. This strategic balancing act aims to protect its national interests amid regional power shifts and ensures Indonesia remains a pivotal player in the evolving security landscape of Southeast Asia. The upcoming 11-day event, which includes live-fire drills, has generated apprehension among Chinese officials, who perceive U.S. military cooperation with regional allies as an attempt to contain Beijing’s influence. This military collaboration comes at a time when the U.S. is reinforcing its defense posture in the Indo-Pacific, responding to criticisms of Chinese maritime expansion by engaging allies in cooperative defense measures. As the exercises progress, Indonesia's willingness to bridge ties with both Western and Asian nations may serve to enhance its geopolitical role in the region.