Taiwan voters decide on nuclear power amid energy crisis

Taiwan is currently facing critical energy challenges, especially with the shutdown of its last remaining nuclear power plant, the Maanshan Nuclear Power Plant, in May 2025. This closure was part of the Democratic Progressive Party's pledge in 2016 to phase out nuclear energy by 2025 due to concerns surrounding safety and nuclear fallout following the Fukushima disaster in Japan. Energy security has become a pressing issue, as Taiwan heavily relies on energy imports, with around 97% of its energy needs sourced from overseas. Major suppliers include the United States, Australia, and Qatar, exposing the island to vulnerabilities, especially in the context of heightened tensions with China, which can disrupt trade at any time. The Taiwanese legislature has since approved a referendum to consider restarting the Maanshan plant, contingent on regulatory safety approval, amid discussions on how nuclear energy could reduce electricity costs and cater to the energy demands of burgeoning technologies, such as artificial intelligence. However, opposition groups continue to express concerns regarding the safety and implications of nuclear energy in light of potential wartime scenarios. This situation elevates the dialogue around national security, as experts warn that Taiwan's heavy energy dependence poses critical risks in potential conflicts. Some analysts argue that reviving nuclear power could enhance Taiwan's energy independence and resilience against China, contrasting positions seen in other nations like Germany, which has firmly rejected nuclear power. Security experts highlight the recent escalation in global conflicts, drawing parallels to energy strategies that have previously undermined countries under duress. With the evolving dynamics of international relations, analysts believe that Taiwan needs to diversify its energy sources rapidly to ensure long-term stability and resilience against external threats, particularly from China. The outcome of the upcoming referendum could significantly shape Taiwan's energy policy and its approach to dealing with external pressures in the years to come.