Asteroid 2024 YR4 poses a risk of impacting the moon

In early June 2025, astronomers observed asteroid 2024 YR4, which had been considered a potential threat to Earth but is now being evaluated for a possible impact on the moon. The asteroid, approximately 60 meters in diameter, presents a 4.3% chance of striking the lunar surface, raising concerns about the possible consequences for astronauts and lunar infrastructure. If YR4 hits, it could release up to 108 kilograms of lunar rocks and dust into space, as the moon has no atmosphere to contain the debris. Consequently, this event could pose risks to satellites orbiting Earth, which are crucial for navigation and communication. Astronomers and scientists are working to understand possible scenarios related to such an impact, given that it would mark the largest impact on the moon in 5,000 years. The potential impact highlights the importance of monitoring near-Earth objects, as they can directly affect both our lunar and terrestrial environments. Plans for planetary defense are improving as astronomers gain more clarity about the trajectory of YR4 and similar asteroids. The DART spacecraft has demonstrated that it can alter an asteroid's trajectory, suggesting effective strategies may evolve as we learn more about our cosmic neighbors.