Texas bourbon challenges Kentucky with groundbreaking climate comparison

In 2019, Milam & Greene, a unique bourbon company, conducted an innovative experiment by producing a duel bottling of straight bourbons in two distinct climates: Texas and Kentucky. The company aimed to explore how the aging process in these different environments impacts the flavor profile of the whiskey. Working at Bardstown Bourbon Company in Kentucky, the team sourced a mash bill consisting of 70% corn, 22% malted rye, and 8% malted barley. This dual production was part of their effort to examine the well-established hypothesis regarding how temperature and humidity differences affect whiskey extraction and overall taste. Bardstown's whiskey-aging conditions are characterized by lower average temperatures (40°F in January and 86.5°F in July) and higher humidity levels (ranging from 65 to 85%). In contrast, Blanco, Texas, features a warmer climate with an average January temperature of 60°F and a July average of 93.7°F while having lower humidity (50 to 60%). These climate variations led the Kentucky whisky half of the experiment to finish at 108 proof, whereas the Texas version culminated at a bolder 116 proof, indicating a significant difference in the whiskey's aging characteristics. Upon tasting both versions, experts noted distinct differences in the flavor profiles. The Texas-aged bourbon presented a more robust flavor, with dominant notes of oak, dark caramel, chocolate, and vanilla. In contrast, the Kentucky version exhibited lighter flavors, including hints of apple butter and butterscotch, providing a softer yet lingering finish. The tasting experience aligned with the chemical analysis conducted by Milam & Greene, which revealed that the Texas bourbon had more pronounced woodier flavors, whereas the Kentucky bourbon leaned towards fruitier, floral 'estery' notes. The endeavor exemplifies Milam & Greene's commitment to understand the nuances in whiskey production better and how regional climates can drastically change the character of the spirit. By isolating these variables, Milam & Greene aims to contribute to the discourse on the impact of climate on whiskey aging, allowing consumers to experience these differences first-hand and promoting a deeper appreciation for whiskey science.