Scientists in Thailand study herbal compresses to uncover their healing secrets

Thailand has a rich history of herbal medicine, particularly the use of traditional herbal compresses for alleviating muscle aches, joint pain, and inflammation. Recent research conducted at the Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research (CEATMR) at Thammasat University, initiated by director Arunporn Itharat, aims to explore the unique properties of the herbs used in these compresses. Although herbal compresses have been widely practiced for centuries, there remains limited scientific validation regarding their benefits and effectiveness. A 2015 review indicated that the therapeutic effects of these compresses are primarily due to the heat generated, which improves blood circulation and reduces pain. This presents a significant challenge for researchers trying to identify the actual contributions of various herbs involved in the compresses. To overcome this challenge, the CEATMR is focusing on isolating and testing individual herbs to identify ingredients that enhance the anti-inflammatory effects of the herbal compress. In a 2020 study published in Science & Technology Asia, Itharat's team discovered that specific components from certain herbs contribute to the efficacy of the compresses. Moreover, their research emphasizes the importance of the harvesting process, where the timing directly influences the effectiveness of the extracts obtained from the herbs. By shifting from traditional compresses to using a gel with concentrated extracts applied directly to the skin, researchers aim to provide a standardized and controlled dosage of active ingredients. Thailand's government is actively supporting traditional medicine research, with notable advancements such as the introduction of the Master of Thai Traditional Medicine Clinic Program in 2021 at Thammasat University. This program is designed to integrate traditional healing practices with modern medical principles. While similar efforts have been undertaken in countries like China and Taiwan, where databases for Traditional Chinese Medicine have been established, there remains a significant knowledge gap in the realm of herbal medicine. Out of the more than 50,000 plant species employed in medicinal practices worldwide, much of the knowledge regarding their uses and effects is not well documented or standardized. As the global interest in herbal remedies continues to grow, the challenge lies in preserving traditional knowledge while making it accessible for future generations. Misidentification of herbs poses a risk and can lead to ineffective treatments or adverse reactions. Ensuring the accuracy and reliability of herbal medicine requires comprehensive research and validation to maintain efficacy. As the investigation into herbal compresses progresses, the collaboration between traditional wisdom and scientific validation is seen as a vital step toward establishing a more robust framework for understanding the potential health benefits these remedies can offer.