Galway study reveals diabetes drug significantly reduces dementia risk

In a groundbreaking study, two medical students from the University of Galway, Allie Seminer and Alfredi Mulihano, have revealed important findings on the relationship between diabetes medications and dementia risk. Conducted in collaboration with experienced researchers from the university and University Hospital Galway, the study analyzed data from 26 clinical trials, which included over 160,000 participants. This significant systematic review and meta-analysis were published in Jama Neurology in early April 2025. The main focus of the research was on cardioprotective glucose-lowering therapies, confirming that these medications, particularly the GLP-1 receptor agonists, have a protective effect against dementia. The results indicate that individuals with diabetes who use these specific drugs may benefit from a 45% lower risk of developing cognitive decline compared to those who do not use them. Both Seminer and Mulihano expressed their enthusiasm regarding the potential impact of their work on the understanding of diabetes and dementia. They emphasized the enriching experience of participating in such a comprehensive research project that bridged clinical experience and data analysis. Dr. Catriona Reddin, a senior author of the study and registrar in geriatric medicine at HSE West North West, reiterated the importance of the findings, stating that they improve the understanding of how diabetes medications influence brain health. This ongoing research complements a previous initiative announced by a team at the University of Galway, which involved creating a vast database of digital microbes, targeting innovations in health discovery, diagnostics, and personalized treatments.