What is the UN General Assembly and what does it do?

The UN General Assembly, comprising 193 member states, serves as the only universally representative body of the United Nations. It convenes annually from September to December in New York, where it engages in debates on pressing global issues, including international peace, security, and human rights. The assembly also elects nonpermanent members to the Security Council and other UN bodies, and appoints the secretary-general based on Security Council recommendations. In May 2024, the assembly recognized Palestine's bid for full UN membership amid ongoing conflicts in the Gaza Strip, voting 124-14 with 43 abstentions to demand Israel end its 'unlawful presence' in Palestinian territories. This resolution reflects the assembly's efforts to address significant geopolitical issues and enhance its relevance in global affairs. In recent years, the General Assembly has increasingly focused on substantive resolutions, particularly regarding Russia's actions in Ukraine. The assembly suspended Russia from the UN Human Rights Council, highlighting its role in addressing violations of international law. The assembly's president changes annually, which can lead to tensions among member states, as seen in 2011 when the president invited a briefing on the Syrian civil war despite opposition from Syria's allies. The assembly's history includes controversial resolutions, such as the 1975 declaration that 'Zionism is a form of racism.' The 2000 Millennium Assembly marked a significant moment in its history, where the Millennium Declaration was unveiled, emphasizing global development goals. The assembly's work continues to evolve, reflecting the changing dynamics of international relations and the need for collective action on pressing global challenges. As the assembly prepares for its 2024 session, issues like climate change and the Sustainable Development Goals are expected to take center stage, alongside ongoing conflicts. The assembly's role as a platform for dialogue and debate remains crucial in fostering international cooperation and addressing the world's most pressing issues.