Challenges and Solutions in Cocoa Farming Across West Africa

Farmers in Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana are increasingly grappling with the adverse effects of climate change, including rising temperatures, irregular rainfall, and prolonged droughts. These environmental shifts are contributing to reduced crop yields and diminished incomes for smallholder cocoa farmers, who have relied on cocoa as a vital crop for over a century. Currently, approximately 70% of the world’s chocolate is sourced from small, privately owned cocoa farms in West Africa, underscoring the importance of sustainable farming practices. Nestlé’s Cocoa Plan, led by Darrell High, emphasizes the significance of good agricultural practices, particularly pruning, to enhance cocoa production. The initiative incentivizes farmers by offering financial rewards for meeting specific targets in four key areas, with potential earnings of up to €200 for successful implementation. This approach not only aims to improve yields but also to boost farmers' profits, thereby supporting their livelihoods. In addition to pruning, shade management is highlighted as a critical strategy to protect cocoa plantations from climate-related challenges. Nestlé has launched an extensive information campaign in the cocoa-growing regions near the Beki and Bossematie forests, reaching out to 8,000 local residents. This initiative focuses on educating communities about the importance of trees in combating deforestation and promoting regenerative agricultural practices. High emphasizes that enhancing cocoa productivity is essential for increasing farmers' incomes, ultimately benefiting their families and communities. The program currently supports over 28,000 families in Côte d’Ivoire and 2,000 in Ghana, showcasing a commitment to sustainable cocoa farming amidst the growing climate crisis.