Billions of cicadas swarm the East Coast as Brood XIV emerges

In the United States, the emergence of Brood XIV cicadas is taking place after 17 years. This event, which occurs during warm spring conditions when the soil temperature reaches 64 degrees Fahrenheit, is particularly significant for areas ranging from Georgia to New York. While the emergence has been reported to be well underway in southern regions like North Carolina, northern states such as Pennsylvania have experienced delays due to colder weather conditions. The periodical cicadas, including Brood XIV, belong to a unique phenomenon where different broods emerge synchronously every 13 or 17 years. These insects are categorized not by biological traits but by emerging patterns, resulting in some areas seeing different broods in differing years. Entomologists note that the Brood XIV is significant enough to be referred to as a “keystone” brood, with its size second only to Brood XIX, known as the “Great Southern Brood.” This emergence provides both a spectacular natural display and an important ecological event, as the vast number of cicadas enhances biodiversity through their lifecycle. Upon emergence, these cicadas climb trees to mate, with males producing a loud buzzing sound to attract females. Following this mating ceremony, females will lay their eggs before dying shortly after. The nymphs that hatch from these eggs are poised to spend another 17 years underground feeding on the roots of trees and shrubs. Despite their overwhelming numbers and striking appearance, cicadas do not harm humans, pets, or agricultural crops; they do not bite or sting and are considered harmless. This event presents a unique opportunity for enthusiasts and researchers alike to witness and study the lifecycle of this remarkable insect. Experts highlight the significance of cicadas in American culture and ecology, underscoring that there is no other place in the world where such mass emergences take place. The ecological role that cicadas play includes serving as a source of protein for various species, including wildlife and humans. Consuming cicadas, which are abundant and rich in protein, during their emergence is a tradition for some communities. In sum, the emergence of Brood XIV presents a distinctive blend of natural wonder, ecological importance, and cultural significance as they herald the arrival of warmer weather and the vibrant life of spring.