Scientists identify four giraffe species in Africa
- Researchers have revealed that giraffes in Africa are now classified into four distinct species.
- Each species faces unique threats, with the Northern giraffe being critically endangered.
- This new classification will enhance conservation efforts by addressing the specific needs of each giraffe species.
In recent weeks, researchers have completed an extensive analysis that has fundamentally changed the classification of giraffes in Africa. For many years, all giraffes were considered a single species, but new genetic and anatomical studies led by a task force from the International Union for Conservation of Nature have revealed significant differences among them. Unfortunately, the Northern giraffe, found primarily in the Democratic Republic of Congo, South Sudan, and the Central African Republic, is now recognized as one of the most endangered with only approximately 7,000 individuals left due to factors like political instability and poaching. The task force also identified the reticulated giraffe, Masai giraffe, and Southern giraffe as distinct species each facing their unique challenges. For instance, the Masai giraffe that inhabits parts of Kenya and Tanzania is threatened by habitat loss as savanna lands are converted for agricultural use. Meanwhile, the Southern giraffe population is stable, estimated at around 69,000 individuals, while there are about 21,000 reticulated giraffes and 44,000 Masai giraffes. Highlighting these differences is crucial as it allows for targeted conservation efforts that respect the individual needs of each species. The results of this analysis underscore the importance of recognizing the diversity within giraffes, emphasizing how conservation strategies must be tailored to address specific threats faced by each species.