Iran faces severe economic struggles due to sanctions and exodus of professionals

Iran is experiencing profound economic challenges exacerbated by international sanctions, particularly following the U.S. withdrawal from the nuclear agreement in 2018. The sanctions have restricted Iran's oil exports, substantially reducing the number of available jobs as the active workforce has shrunk by 520,000 in recent years, despite an increase in the population over the age of 15. Critics highlight the regime’s failure to address these pressing economic issues, attributing the low turnout in recent elections to the government's diminished legitimacy among the populace. Facing increasing economic pressure, many residents, including health professionals, are leaving the country in search of better opportunities, with around 2.2 million Iranians reportedly having migrated last year. The challenges are further illustrated by the dire working conditions for medical residents, who endure excessively long shifts for inadequate pay, limiting their opportunities to emigrate. Simultaneously, the Iranian authorities have cracked down on social freedoms, particularly targeting women under strict hijab laws, contributing to the exodus of female professionals. The shrinking workforce and the growing public discontent signify a broader crisis of governance and civic rights, compounding the difficulties faced by the population. In recent developments, there have been international negotiations concerning U.S. citizens detained in Iran, hinting at potential thawing relations. However, this has yet to translate into tangible improvements for the Iranian populace. The emphasis on attracting foreign doctors to fill the gap left by those who have departed underscores the deepening healthcare crisis in the country and reflects the ongoing economic turmoil that shows no sign of resolution in the near future. Looking ahead, the situation in Iran appears precarious, with experts warning that unless significant changes occur both in domestic governance and international relations, the economic conditions are likely to exacerbate further, leading to additional social unrest and potentially more professionals leaving the country. The cycle of economic decline combined with political repression could continue to erode the fabric of society in Iran, resulting in lasting repercussions on its demographic and economic landscape.