China fights against desertification in the Taklimakan Desert

China has long faced the challenges of desertification, particularly around the Taklimakan Desert, one of the largest shifting sand deserts globally. The completion of the 3,046-km-long sand-blocking green belt marks a significant milestone in this environmental battle. On November 28, 2024, the final desert rose was planted, signifying the culmination of extensive efforts to combat the adverse impacts of sand and dust storms that have historically plagued communities in the region, such as Awat. These efforts are vital as they directly influence the livelihoods of those living on the fringes of the desert. The initiative began decades ago under the larger framework of the Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program (TSFP), which has aimed to build an ecological barrier against desert expansion. This program illustrates China's proactive stance on combating desertification, a problem exacerbated by climate change and poor land management practices. With the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) signed three decades ago, China has committed to combating this pressing challenge through international collaboration, sharing techniques and experiences with nations facing similar challenges. The methods employed for establishing the green belt include planting drought-resistant species, which necessitated innovative agricultural practices such as drip irrigation to enable the plants to thrive in harsh conditions. Furthermore, for areas unsuitable for traditional planting, alternative strategies like straw checkerboard barriers and sand fences were implemented to mitigate sand movement. The use of photovoltaic panels not only reduced wind and sand disturbances but also facilitated harnessing renewable energy from the desert environment. The results of these collective efforts have been positive; local residents have reported a decrease in the frequency of sandstorms, improvements in environmental conditions, and enhanced agricultural output. As China concludes this monumental task, it signifies not just an environmental achievement but also a new beginning for sustainable practices in desert regions. The success serves as a potential model for combating desertification worldwide, particularly in areas severely impacted by similar environmental challenges.