Cambodia battles surge of H5N1 bird flu infections

In recent months, Cambodia has witnessed a notable increase in human cases of H5N1 bird flu. The Ministry of Health confirmed that as of July 4, 2025, there are already 12 reported human infections in the country this year, leading to six fatalities. This troubling trend highlights the ongoing threat of avian influenza, particularly clades endemic to the region. Particularly alarming is the recent surge since June, with reports including a confirmed case of a five-year-old boy from Kampot Province, who is currently hospitalized in intensive care after testing positive for the virus. Health officials have noted the presence of sick and dead chickens in the vicinity of the infected individuals, underlining ongoing transmission risks. While human-to-human transmission has not been confirmed, the situation remains serious as health officials continue monitoring and collecting samples from those in contact with the patients. Authorities are proactively administering Tamiflu as a precautionary measure to those who may have been exposed, which aligns with established protocols. The evolving situation emphasizes the need for continued vigilance and investigation, as health officials strive to understand the emerging patterns of human infections and the influencing factors at play. The potential involvement of different viral clades, specifically clade 2.3.2.1c, underscores the necessity for thorough investigation, particularly as clade 2.3.4.4b has raised international concerns due to its rapid spread and increased infections in mammals and humans since its emergence in 2022. The urgent response by Cambodian health authorities reflects an understanding of the critical nature and potential public health implications of the ongoing avian influenza outbreak.