Iran and Pakistan unite against rising militancy threats

Iran and Pakistan have a long history of mutual distrust, particularly concerning cross-border militancy linked to various armed groups operating along their border. Recently, however, these two nations appear to be strengthening their cooperation to address insurgency challenges, particularly those stemming from the Mint region that encompasses both countries. In July 2024, Pakistan handed over an alleged member of Jaish al-Adl, a Baluch separatist group, to Iran, signifying a move towards collaboration. A subsequent joint operation in November reportedly killed 12 fighters of Jaish al-Adl, though Iran insisted Pakistani forces conducted the operation alone. The collaboration highlights a recognition from both governments of the necessity to stabilize their regions to limit internal instability arising from various militant groups. The vast impoverished Baluch regions of Iran and Pakistan have been breeding grounds for these groups, which have increasingly resorted to lethal tactics, impacting local populations and raising regional security threats. Economic considerations play a significant role as both countries grapple with financial crises. Developments in Pakistan's Balochistan, which hosts extensive multibillion-dollar projects, and the strategic Chabahar Port in Sistan-Baluchistan underscore the urgency behind this newfound solidarity against militancy. As militant attacks continue to threaten foreign investments, particularly the safety of Chinese workers, the need for coordinated action has never been more pressing, indicating a shift in how both nations approach their longstanding issues with militancy.