Genetics may explain Haenyeo divers' extraordinary abilities

For centuries, the Haenyeo divers, an all-female group, have been an integral part of South Korean coastal culture, especially in Jeju Island. These women begin diving at a young age and continue this arduous work into their senior years. Skilled in free diving, they dive into cold waters to collect seafood like abalone and sea urchins, which they sell and consume. Recent research has revealed that their remarkable ability to hold their breath for extended periods is not solely due to physical training but is also influenced by specific genetic adaptations they possess. These adaptations enable them to thrive in harsh aquatic environments, allowing them to remain submerged much longer than the average person. Through studies focusing on the genetic components of the Haenyeo, scientists discovered unique variations linked to their metabolic and physiological traits, which contribute to their impressive diving capabilities. This research emphasizes the intersection of culture and biology, illustrating how these genetic factors might be the key to their longevity in a physically demanding occupation. As awareness of their unique abilities grows, the Haenyeo women not only continue their diving tradition but also draw attention to the importance of biological diversity and adaptation in human experience. Their lifestyle, which blends tradition with modern challenges, stands as a testament to resilience in the face of changing environmental conditions and market demands. Furthermore, in recent years, researchers have shown increased interest in the Haenyeo's lifestyle and its implications for understanding human adaptation to extreme environments. This research could also have broader impacts, potentially informing health studies related to breathing and endurance, thereby contributing to a wider understanding of human genetics in extreme conditions.