French prosecutors investigate X for biased algorithms

On February 7, 2025, the Paris Public Prosecutor's Office confirmed the commencement of an investigation into Elon Musk's social media platform, known as X. This probe was initiated following a complaint filed by French lawmaker Eric Bothorel on January 12, which raised concerns about potential biases in the platform's algorithms. Bothorel's report highlighted how recent changes to the recommendation algorithms might have compromised the integrity of data processing, sparking further scrutiny from authorities. This investigation is being handled by the J3 cybercrime unit, which specializes in high-tech violations against social media platforms and big tech companies. Notably, legal expert Michel Séjean argued in a publication that manipulating these algorithms could incur penalties under Article 323-2 of the French penal code, traditionally reserved for data theft and hacking offenses. This legal perspective illustrates a significant shift in how algorithm manipulation is perceived under French law. The investigation coincided with increasing alarm within the European Union regarding Musk's influence, as he has been noted to favor far-right political movements within Europe, potentially swaying public discourse and interfering in political matters in individual countries. The decision to investigate Musk's platform is indicative of larger global concerns about the power of social media to manipulate information and influence societal outcomes, prompting legal frameworks to adapt to these new challenges. As the world grapples with the ramifications of digital technology on democracy and free speech, actions taken by French authorities demonstrate a proactive approach in tackling potential abuses associated with social media algorithms. The implications of this investigation could set precedents for how social media platforms are regulated in France and beyond.