International Court of Justice Declares Israel's Occupation of Palestinian Territories Illegal

In a landmark advisory opinion, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) has declared Israel's occupation of Palestinian territories—including the West Bank, East Jerusalem, and Gaza Strip—illegal under international law. This ruling, requested by the U.N. General Assembly, asserts that Israel's actions since the 1967 Six-Day War violate the Fourth Geneva Convention, particularly regarding the transfer of settlers and the diversion of natural resources. The court emphasized that Israel must cease settlement construction and withdraw settlers from the Occupied Palestinian Territory (OPT). The ICJ's 83-page opinion highlights the ongoing denial of Palestinian rights and the displacement of thousands of Palestinians in recent years. It mandates that states and international organizations refrain from recognizing the legality of Israel's occupation and work towards ending its unlawful presence in the OPT. However, the court has left the specifics of enforcement to other U.N. bodies, such as the General Assembly and Security Council. Despite the ruling, immediate changes in Israel's policies appear unlikely, particularly in light of ongoing conflicts, including the situation in Gaza. The Biden administration's response remains uncertain, as it has previously acknowledged the illegality of Israeli settlements but has not exerted significant pressure on Israel to comply with international law. In reaction to the ruling, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu rejected the court's findings, asserting that Jews are not occupiers in their ancestral homeland. The international community remains divided, with some nations, like the U.K., contemplating policy shifts, including potential arms embargoes against Israel.