Kim Jong Un tests solid-fuel engine, claiming nuclear advancement

North Korea, on September 8, 2025, conducted a significant military advancement as leader Kim Jong Un oversaw the ninth and final test of a solid-fuel engine specifically designed for intercontinental ballistic missiles. This test was reported by the state-run Korean Central News Agency and marks an important milestone in the development of North Korea's nuclear capabilities. The reported thrust capability of the engine is 1,971 kilonewtons, which highlights the technical precision and materials used in its construction, namely composite carbon fiber. The test follows Kim's claim of a strategic nature in the modernization of defense technologies. The leader communicated that the successful engine tests represent a pivotal change in bolstering and expanding North Korea's nuclear strategic forces. This solid-fuel engine could potentially be utilized in the upcoming Hwasong-20 ICBM. Just a week prior to this test, Kim visited the research institute dedicated to developing the engine, asserting its importance for future weapon systems. In recent months, North Korea has demonstrated an increasingly advanced missile program, with previous significant tests yielding extended flight durations and altitudes, indicating technological progress in their ballistic capabilities. Kim's assertions about the missile systems reflect his regime's priority in showcasing military strength. Moreover, this military advancement occurs amid North Korea's ongoing campaign to solidify its reputation as a nuclear state, reinforced by recent engagements with China and Russia. The display of unity during a military parade with global leaders enhances the narrative of North Korea as a key player on the international stage. These developments come against a backdrop of North Korea's legal declaration of being a nuclear-armed state back in 2022. This declaration was described by Kim as an irreversible step, which led to the constitutional entrenchment of a growing nuclear arsenal. Overall, the success of the solid-fuel engine signals not only a technological innovation but also a strategic maneuver by North Korea to maintain significance in international military dynamics.