In the United States, an analysis of federal appellate opinions revealed signs of AI authorship in dozens of published circuit opinions. Conducted using the Pangram tool, the study examined around 2,250 opinions from January to early August 2026. While no AI-generated text was found in over 300 opinions from January 2022, more than 50 recent opinions showed potential AI involvement in their drafting process.
We’ll perform a deep-dive analysis of all sources and publicly available external materials, then prepare a structured timeline of events, an in-depth report explaining the background and context, and multiple perspectives.